Method of making pipe bends



` June 12, 1934. 1 H TAYLQR 1,962,469

METHOD OF MAKING PIPE BENDSv Filed June l. 1931 4 Sheets-Shee'I l June 12, 1934- J. H. TAYLOR METHOD O MAKING PIPE BENDS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 1, 1951 June 12, 1934. J. H. TAYLOR METHOD 0F MAKING' PIPE BENDS 4 shets-sheet 5 r 'Filed June 1, 1951 ffzffenifof: rfamc Hall @Zar June 12, 1934. v J. H. TAYLOR 1,862,469

METHOD oF MAKING PIPE BENDs l Filed June 1', 1951l 4 sheets-sheet 4 Patented June 12, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENTr OFFICE L.

METHOD OF MAKING PIPE BENDS James Hall Taylor, Oak Park, Ill., assignor to Taylor Forge '8a Pipe Works, Cicero, lill., a corporation of Illinois Application June 1, 1931, smal No.541',331

7 Claims.

and the latter being in the form of a fitted plunger to operate therein. These dies stamp circular blanks, indicated in dot-and-dash lines at c, from the sheet stock d.

Figure 2 illustrates a pairof cupping dies e, f, the former being in the form of an annulus and the latter being in the 'form of a plunger operating in the former, spaced therefromby the thickness of the stock. Annular die e is provided with a guide gin the form of a ring disposed, as shown, slightly eccentric to the opening in the die. The ring d is of such size as to receive the blank c and when the plunger f descends into the annulus e the blank is cupped, as shown, the rim on one side being. deeper than that on thev other because of the eccentricity referred to. The blank is conveniently pushed through the annular die in this operation.

-Figure 3'shows the next pair of dies, h and i,l

again an annulus and a plunger,` respectively, which receive the blank from the dies of Figure 2, as indicated in dot-and-dash lines. The dies h and i have a secondary cupping action, whereby the blank is deeply dished into a frustrated dome shape. In this instance, the blank must `be removed upwardly after the operation and suitable ejector mechanism may be provided.

Figure 4 illustrates the next pair of dies, :i and lc, again an annulus and a plunger, respectively. `The blank from the dies 'of Figure 3 is placed on the annular die 7, as indicated in dot-and-dash lines, and the descent of the plunger h. results in a further deepening of the blank and a reductionin diameter to a thimble shape. be removed upwardly after the operation and suitable ejector mechanism may -be provided.

At this stage in the process the blank "has reached the form shown'in Figures '5 and 6, the latter gure being a yhorizontal sectional view taken on the planeof the line 6--6 of Figure 5.

The blank, at this stage, is then to be flattened In this instance, also, the blank must somewhat, i. e. reformed to a shapebf more or less oval cross-section, and may also be bowed 'over slightly, as will be seen. These steps may conveniently be accomplished in one operation by forming it over a horn die m, -Figure '7, co- 30 operating with 'an annular die Z. After this operation, the blank has the vertical section shown in Figure 7 and the cross-section of Figure 8 which is takenIl on the plane of the line 8-8 ofV Figure '1. Thevertical section is of more 05 or less parabolic form with an offset focus, the` deeper side of the blank being bowed over more than the shallow side, and the cross-section is a-'somewhat flattened one, as shown, Suitable ejector mechanism may be provided for the dies of 'Figure 7.

The above description with reference to Figures 1 to 3 is merely illustrative of one method of producing`a cup-shaped blank with facility and expedition, and is not essential to the method of my invention. In fact, it is not necessary that the blank be of cup-shape, and a flat blank may be utilized if desired, as will later appear. My invention resides more particularly in the production of a pipe bend, or analogous curved M' article, -by forcing a suitable blank through the opening of a closed circular exterior die by means of a curved interior die bearing at its end on the blank, the dies having relative arcuate movement and the blank being shrunk onto and 95 drawnover lthe interior die to conform thereto.

When the blank has reached the stage illustrated in Figures 7 and 8, it is thenv subjected to the action of further dies which are capable of angular as well as straight line movement relative to 'each other. These `dies are shown in Figures 9, 10, and 11. They comprise the ring die o, with a flared opening p, and a horn die q for operation therein. The blank from the dies of' Figure 7 is disposed upon'the ring die o, as 95 shown in Figure 9, with the horn die q projecting into the blank, the end of the horn die q being then concentric with vthe opening in the ring die o.-

'As illustrated in Figure 10, a plunger r de- 100 ticle. This action also begins the final forma- 11g los tion and the blank may drop throughthe ring die o, as is evident from Figure 11.

The closed end of the blank is then cut oif and the other end is trimmed, as indicated in Figure 12, the finished article then being as shown in full lines in that figure.

In the modification illustrated in Figures 9A, 10A and 11A, I subject the flat blank c of Figure 1 directly to the action of dies like those of Figures 9, 10 and l1. That is, it is also possible to subject a blank to the ring and arcuate dies without the preliminary cupping. In this modified form the parts o', q and r are analogous to parts o, q and r of Figures 9, 10 and 11. In addition, guide s is provided to locate the blank c appropriately relatively to opening p', somewhat off center, as illustrated, and fingers t are provided to hold the blank down upon ring die o', 'I'he action is shown in Figures 10A and 11A and after the operation of Figure 11A the operation of Figure 12 results in the finished article.

The above description is specific toembodiments of my process and it is so presented in order to instruct those skilled in theart in the use of my invention. It will be evident, however, that changes and modifications can be made withouty departing from its teachings and spirit, and the broader scope of my invention must be gauged by the broader of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. 'I'he method of making pipe bends, which comprises drawing and shaping a blank over a curved interior die to conform to the latter by inserting said die, with the end thereof in contact with the blank, through an exterior closed circular die in contact for the full circumferen ce of its opening with the blank, by combined rectiiineal and arcuate relative movement between the dies.

2. The method ofmaking pipe bends, which comprises shrinking and drawing the blank over an inner curved die to conform to the latter, by -forcing it through a relatively restricted circular opening of an outer closed die in contact for the full circumference of its opening with the blank, by relative rectilineal and arcuate movement between the dies.

3. The method of making pipe bends, which comprises disposing a blank in proximity to a closed circular outer die, forcing the blank into the die opening by relative rectilineal movement between the outer die and a curved inner die having its end in contact with the blank, and then forcing the blank through the outer die by relative arcuate movement between the dies and thereby radially reducing the blank throughout its entire circumference and shaping and drawing the blank over the inner die to conform thereto.

4. The method of making pipe bends, which comprises disposing a blank in proximity to a `closed circular die having an opening of less cross-area than the blank, forcing the blank into the die opening by rectilineal movement of a curved inner die having its end bearing on the blank, and then forcing the blank through the outer die by arcuate movement of the 'Inner die thereby shrinking and drawing the blank about said inner die to conform thereto.

5. The method of making pipe bends, which comprises forc ng a cup-shaped blank, closed at one end and flaring toward its other end, through an outer closed circular die, by means of an inner curved die with its end in contact with the closed end of the blank and by relative arcuate movement between the dies, thereby shrinking and drawing the blank over the inner die to conform thereto.

6. The method of making pipe bends, which comprises forcing a cup-shaped blank, closed at one end and aring toward its other end, through an outer'closed circular die, by means of lan inner curved die with its end flat and in a single plane and in contact with the closed end of the blank, and by relative arcuatemovement between the dies, thereby shrinking and drawing the blank over the inner die to conform thereto. K

'l'. The method of making .pipe bends, which comprises disposing a fiat blank in proximity to a closed circular die, and forcing the blank through said die by means of a curved inner die with a at end disposed in a single plane and seating fiatwise against the blank, and by combined rectilineal and arcuate relative movement between the dies, thereby shrinking and drawing the blank over the inner die to conform thereto.

JAMES HALL TAYLOR. 

